![]() ![]() A focal weakness or deficiency in this area of the pharyngeal wall is termed a Killian dehiscence and can produce a pulsion-pseudodiverticulum, known as a pharyngeal diverticulum or pouch (Zenker diverticulum). The area of the pharyngeal wall at the junction between the thyropharyngeus and the cricopharyngeus is a potentially weak area. The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is broad muscle with a long origin that runs from the mandible inferiorly up the pterygomandibular raphe to the. Motor and sensory innervation are mainly via branches of the vagus and glossopharyngeal nerves. The lymphatics drain directly into the deep cervical nodes, either directly or through the retropharyngeal or paratracheal nodes. The middle and superior constrictors are enclosed by the thyropharyngeus fibers that wrap around to the midline raphe The pharyngeal veins drain into the internal jugular vein.The recurrent laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal vessels pass upwards deep to the lower border of the cricopharyngeus Overview The throat (see the image below) is part of both the digestive and respiratory systems and is responsible for coordinating the functions of breathing and swallowing.Anaerobic Bacteroides can also cause this type of infection. The most common pathogen causing peritonsillar cellulitis/abscess is GABHS. During swallowing and speaking, the levator veli palatini (LVPm), palatopharyngeus (PPm), superior pharyngeal constrictor (SPCm), salpingopharyngeus (SPm), and the uvula, which are called a velopharyngeal sphincter, play a role in the closure of the OPI. Peritonsillar infection, also known as ‘Quincy's angina’, is an infection located between the tonsil and the superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. It is always closed except for momentary relaxation during swallowing. Its closure prevents air from being sucked into the upper esophagus when intrathoracic pressure falls, allowing air to be sucked only into the permanently open trachea. Immune function of the tonsils in Waldeyer’s ring. It is physiologically in a tonic state, constricting the distal end of the pharynx (in coordination with the superior pharyngeal constrictor and the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscles). The pharyngeal constrictor muscle has been shown to have a dual role, in that when pharyngeal airway volume is large, such as during expiration, the muscle. The cricopharyngeus has an important sphincteric function. It acts as a sphincter at the lower end of the pharynx and is always closed except for momentary relaxation during swallowing. Its muscle fibers are continuous with the circular muscular coat of the esophagus. Conservative management Speech therapy improves velopharyngeal function when VPD is minimal or due to articulation errors and in postoperative patients. Its fibers run continuously from one side of the cricoid arch to the other side around the pharynx without inserting into a midline raphe posteriorly. The cricopharyngeus muscle is rounder and thicker than the other constrictor muscles. The lower fibers are horizontal and lie edge to edge with those of the cricopharyngeus component. Its fibers curve around posteriorly and insert into the midline raphe. The thyropharyngeus muscle arises from the (a) thyroid cartilage at the oblique line and (b) the tendinous arch that spans the cricothyroid muscle. ![]()
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